The Misfit Toy

Michael Nunno Ms. Piscopo English Pd.4 23 April 2018 The Misfit Toy In Flannery O'Connor's short story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† a twisted criminal known only as â€Å"The Misfit† captures a family of four and a grandmother that he runs into during his escape. As he proceeds to execute each family member, he breaks down the grandmother's weak moral code. Why does O'Connor use such a violent character? O'Connor uses The Misfit's twisted but unbreakable moral code to expose the grandmother's moral weakness and hypocrisy.One of the first instances we see of the Grandmother's moral weakness is when she refrains from admitting fault for giving false information about the location of a plantation house. As the text states: â€Å"The horrible thought she had had before the accident was that the house she had remembered so vividly was not in Georgia but in Tennessee.† After this quote the grandmother says nothing about how she was wrong, but instead, after her false information and her crazy cat causing a car crash, she curls up under the dashboard and hopes that she is hurt so that she can avoid conflict with her son. Clearly here she is showing cowardice and a refusal of self introspection. The grandmother does not want to admit that she is wrong, and in fact even hopes she is injured so she will receive pity from her family.After the car crashes, the stranded family is met by three unknown men. The grandmother eventually notices that the group of men is led by the notorious criminal, the Misfit. The grandmother, out of fear begins to call the Misfit â€Å"a good man,† after he says he would hate to shoot a lady, and praises his parents, showing her moral weakness as she calls a wanted criminal â€Å"good.† â€Å"‘You wouldn't shoot a lady, would you?†¦I know you're a good man†¦I know you must come from nice people†¦you shouldn't call yourself the misfit because I know you're a good man at heart.† In this quote, the grandmother is siding with an evil man out of fear. Before this situation the grandmother says: â€Å"I wouldn't take my children in any direction with a criminal like that aloose in it. I couldn't answer to my conscience if I did.† In a difficult situation, the grandmother is seen breaking away from her moral ideals and siding with whatever is convenient to protect herself essentially. This then would show the Grandmother's moral shortcomings, if she is willing to twist her beliefs or throw them out altogether just to get out of a bad situation.Unlike the grandmother who seems to be allergic to introspection, the Misfit finds personal definition by what he has done wrong. As the Misfit says, â€Å"‘Nome, I ain't a good man†¦but I ain't the worst in the world neither†¦I found out the crime don't matter. You can do one thing or you can do another, kill a man or take a tire off his car†¦I call myself the Misfit, because I can't make what all I done wrong fit with all I gone through in punishment.'† The Misfit is saying that he knows he is not the best man in the world, but he is not the worst either. Therefore, even though he is a bad man, he is not averse to goodness; you can see this in his polite gesture to the Grandmother in which he apologizes for being in inappropriate attire: â€Å"I'm sorry I don't have on a shirt before you ladies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He then goes on in the quote to define himself by the seemingly unjust punishment he received for something he does not remember doing and because of that, he goes on to commit crimes that do deserve punishment. Another instance in which the Misfit's unbreakable moral code shows the weakness of the Grandmother is when he recollects why he was put in prison in which he states: â€Å"I never was a bad boy that I remember of†¦but somewhere along the line I done something wrong and got sent to the penitentiary†¦I forgot what I done, lady. I set there†¦trying to remember what it was I done and I ain't recalled it to this day.† He does not remember why he was put in prison, and later blatantly denies that he killed his father, recollecting perfectly that his father died in 1919 from the flu and his grave is at Hopewell Baptist churchyard. The Grandmother then tries to tell the Misfit that maybe the state made a mistake, but the Misfit will not have it, â€Å"Nome†¦They had the papers on me.† The Misfit does not question why he was put in prison, nor does he hold a grudge against it because he knows he did something, after all, â€Å"They had the papers,† on him. This kind of moral strength, to be able to accept being put in prison even though he forgot what he did is a complete foil to the Grandmother whose weakness is shown in her sympathizing for the Misfit, trying to say that the Misfit was falsely imprisoned even though in the beginning of the story she saw him as an escaped convict.By the end, it becomes apparent that the Grandmother is morally weak. She tries time and time again to get on the Misfit's good side to stay alive instead of trying to save her family. The Misfit operates under his self-proclaimed moral code of â€Å"meanness† that he never breaks away from throughout the story, killing the entire family two by two. As the Misfit says: â€Å"If [Jesus] did what He said, then it's nothing for you to do now but throw away everything and follow him, and if He didn't, then it's nothing for you to do but enjoy the few minutes you got left the best you can – by killing somebody or burning down his house or doing some other meanness to him. No pleasure but meanness.† The Grandmother then says, â€Å"Maybe he didn't raise the dead.† Clearly here, the Misfit has gotten to the Grandmother to the point that she is willing to give up her faith just to save her own life.The Misfit then says that neither of them knows if Jesus did or did not raise the dead but â€Å"†¦if I had been there I would of known and I wouldn't be like I am now.† O'Connor then describes him as if he was ready to break down crying. It is clear that the Misfit wants to be sure of the truth, that he is not happy to be on the path that he is on, but he is on it, and he does not plan to go against the beliefs that he holds. This shows extreme moral strength on the Misfit's part. He does not enjoy what he is or what he believes, but he knows who he is and he believes what he believes is true even though he does not like it. This is in stark contrast with the Grandmother who believes whatever is convenient for her. It then becomes clear here that the Misfit is a foil to the Grandmother; he sticks by a moral code that causes him suffering and brings legal trouble to him, while the Grandmother floats around and sticks to certain moral attributes that will help her avoid conflict in the short-term.To further the claim that the Grandmother is weak, the Misfit says at the end of the story that the Grandmother would have been a good woman if someone was there to â€Å"shoot her every minute of her life.† Here, the Misfit is saying that the Grandmother's entire belief system changed when a gun was held up to her. She was morally weak and the world she lived in allowed her to be so. If the Grandmother had to deal with true hardship in her life, maybe she would have been morally strong. Finally, when Bobby Lee, one of the Misfit's partners in crime declares that shooting at someone their whole life would be, â€Å"Some fun!† The Misfit's response is that, â€Å"It's no real pleasure in life.† The Misfit sticks to his moral code to the very end. It's not fun to shoot at people, it's not fun to be shot, the world is not fun, and according to the Misfit, there is no fun, there is â€Å"no real pleasure in life. â€Å"Some might say the Grandmother shows greater moral strength than the Misfit by humanizing him after all he does by calling him, â€Å"†¦one of my own children!† While it may be true she shows almost Christly love to an evil man, it does not necessarily show her moral strength, and in fact, the opposite may be the case. The grandmother in the beginning of the story sees the Misfit as a vicious criminal on the loose. However, now when she sees vulnerability in the Misfit, she tries to exploit it and show acceptance and love to one that only knows â€Å"meanness.† The Grandmother is not showing moral strength, but changing her moral beliefs and ideals once again to save herself, to no avail, as the Misfit quickly jumps back and shoots her three times before she can exploit his moment of weakness. Therefore, in conclusion, the Misfit's character serves as a foil to the grandmother to pull away the veil of faux holiness that she lives with and expose her hypocrisy and corruption. Although the Misfit is tortured by his moral code, he follows it anyway because he believes it is true, unlike the Grandmother who agrees with everything he says and tries to pander to his ideas, completely throwing her previous moral code out the window.? Works CitedO'Connor, Flannery. A Good Man Is Hard to Find. Faber ; Faber, 2016.

Positive and Negative Impacts of Tourism Essay

Introduction Many definitions explain tourism from different scholars to suit the purposes of respective writers. In this case, the following definition of tourism will be of use. Tourism is ‘the activities of people traveling to as well as staying in places particularly outside their respective usual environment for at least not more than one year consecutively for leisure or business and any other purposes (Johnston, Gregory et al, 2000: 840). Tourism is not ideally an industry precisely in the traditional sense; rather, it is an activity, which takes place well over a number of sectors (in specific accommodation, retail trade, cafes and restaurants, and transport). Because of this, measuring the impact of tourism economically, socially or any other impact whether positive or negative is complex (Croall 1995, p.67). The economic relevance of tourism can be assessed particularly in terms of the contribution it has on the total value of services and goods produced in the economy, also on th e export dollars, which it creates through the sale of services and goods to overseas visitors as well as the jobs it creates. This is a direct impact positive in the economy with Tourism appearing to grow in relevance within the economy (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). However, there are many other negative and positive impacts relating directly to tourism. Conversely, while there is potential ideally for continued projects growth there is still lack of understanding especially within the communities as to the prevailing possible or negative impacts that tourism may bring (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). This, therefore, calls for a sustainable conducting of tourism and always being ready for situations. This paper examines the impacts of tourism whether negative or positive with a suggestion that, on balance, tourism’s contribution is positive. Analysis of tourism’s contribution to Australia generally focuses on the economic value of tourist spending. In the year 2000, the ABS published the National Accounts of Australian: Satellite Account, 1998 (5249.0). The publication represents ideally the first ABS attempt to practically, put tourism into an accounting framework nationally. Tourism is ideally not a  conventional industry especially in the System of National Accounts (SNA 93). Its definition is by the customer (visitor) but not on the product produced (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). The satellite account (TSA) generally creates a broad picture of the industry that allows it to compare to conventional industries for instance agriculture, retail trade and manufacturing (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). However, more in the focus has been on the economic aspect of tourism and the positive impacts the industry has on the economies of respective countries. The gross domestic product of tourism (TGDP) estimates and tourism gross value added generally relate to the impact of tourism activity directly, but there is more to the impacts of tourism than just the economic value (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). It is great to look into tourism in the economic field before conducting analysis of whether the practice is overly positive or negative. Tourism is ideally a multimillion-dollar industry for many countries. According to the World Tourism and Travel Council (WTTC), it is the world’s stable and fastest growing industry predicted that ideally, by the end of the coming decade at least a quarter of billion persons will be working within the tourism and travel sector (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). Out of this, there is a perception that this is the best development tool for many less developed countries. Looking at it from this perspective, it is highly arguable that overly, the industry is more positive with impacts in such sectors (Croall 1995, p.67). However, there is a negative impact on the same note. Although communities within a local region gain a financial infusion in tourism, many factors determine the proportion of income that remains within the local economy (Croall 1995, p.67). This is because many large multinational corporations for instance tour operators retain the largest proportion of tourism’s profits, with the remainder lost via several forms of leakage, for instance soft drinks, that are, imported particularly from outside the local community ideally at a high cost (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). This is, therefore, negative is a terrific way because it drains away most of the  countries revenue and drags down the economy. However, looking at it in a more positive way (Murray 2009, p.186-208), the industry in maintenance, construction, and operation of tourist facilities, complements the drained capital therefore no cause of alarm to overrule the positives of the industry (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). On a different perspective, tourism is impressive and controls its operations, therefore, maintaining as a stable practice across the globe, which has more of positive affects (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). In the modern tourism industry, the practice has taken a different approach, and it I now practiced as ecotourism (Acott and La Trobe, 134-156). Ecotourism ideally draws on many concepts. It can be defined generally as, a sustainable tourism form focusing on learning and experiencing about nature. It should be ethical in management in order to be oriented locally, low-impact, non-consumptive and small scale (Acott and La Trobe, 134-156). Richards and Hall (2000, p.89-97) suggested that sustainable tourism practically takes into account many features. These are social, environmental, cultural, economic, political, managerial and governmental (Croall 1995, p.67). Although it is accepted widely that sustainability is among the most relevant issues faced by the industry, there has been claims that because of sustainable tourism ideally being a loosely defined concept, the industry has to simple terms adopted it for the purposes of marketing (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). However, sustainable tourism is a positive impact and one that should be hailed in the industry because it conserves the environment and adds to the sustainability of the ecological niche (Acott and La Trobe, 134-156). More to the positive of the tourism industry, it generates jobs for many economies and the people in respective countries. This, therefore, makes it an exciting industry and one that is critical in any economy (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). It develops more of positive impacts and supports the concept that overly, on balance, tourism’s contribution is positive (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). Hotels, tour operators and airlines are the most visible businesses in the tourism industry, but many more people get employment in the tourism industry, or indirectly benefit from it  (Croall 1995, p.67). As visitors’ dollars transact within the economy, they spread throughout the country’s economy benefiting the community in many positive ways (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). The high rates of employment in various sectors are what yields as positive in the industry bringing in a better future for many citizens of a particular country. It also brings down the dependence level in such a way that, people can have the ability to support themselves with the daily bread. This ultimately comes up with a big solution to the crimes that people engage in search of daily bread. The ultimate positive impact is a high-secured community and continuous development through massive investment. On the other hand, the environment quality, both man-made and natural, is critical to tourism. Nevertheless, tourism’s relationship particularly with the environment is exceedingly complex (Murray 2009, p.186-208). It generally involves several activities, which can have some adverse environmental effects (Croall 1995, p.67). Many of these impacts link with the construction of infrastructure such as airports and roads, and of tourism facilities, which includes resorts, hotels, golf courses, restaurants, shops, and marinas. The negative impacts of the overall tourism development can destroy the environmental resources gradually on which it solely depends (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). However, this cannot rule out the fact that tourism as also holds positive effects in the environment (Murray 2009, p.186-208). It is arguable that tourism has an extraordinary potential in creating beneficial effects on the environment by highly contributing to environmental conservation and protection, therefore, poses as a positive impact to the environment (Haywantee and Ramesh 2000, p. 356-407). It is a way to, ideally raise awareness of values of the environment and it can serve generally as a tool to finance natural areas protection and increment of their economic importance. It is equally vital to note that socially, tourism has an enormous influence on the host societies (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). Ideally, Tourism can be a source of international peace, amity, and understanding (Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). However, on the dark side, it can be a destroyer of indigenous cultures (Ray 1998, p.3-20), a direct ecological destruction source, and an  assault of people’s dignity, privacy, and authenticity (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). This is, therefore, a point of argument in favor of both positive and negative impacts of tourism (Murray 2009, p.186-208). Some of the positive effects of tourism include the development of positive attitudes towards one another (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). Among others is the eventual learning of each other’s customs and cultures, reduction of negative stereotypes and perceptions, friendships developments, development of pride, respect, appreciation, understanding, and tolerance for one another’s culture (Ray 1998, p.3-20; Doan 2000, p. 267-288). There are more to positives on the social field, which includes the increment of self-esteem of tourists and hosts, psychological satisfaction particularly with interaction and many others than outdo the negatives therefore supporting the argument that, in balance, tourism’s contribution is positive (Croall 1995, p.67). It is essential to add that more on the greater end of positives, social contacts between the local people and tourists may result in ideal mutual appreciation, family bonding respect, tolerance, awareness, understanding, learning, and liking (Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). Residents on one hand received education regarding the outside world without having to leave their homes, while respective visitors learn about another distinctive culture significantly (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). Local communities, therefore, receive more benefits through contribution by the industry to the social infrastructure improvement like health care institutions, schools, libraries, internet cafes, and so on (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). On the other hand, if local culture is the main base for tourist’s attraction to the region, this greatly helps in preserving the local handicrafts and traditions, which maybe at a time were on the verge of the extinction meaning that it is a greater and more positive attribute of the tourism industry (Croall 1995, p.67). A prominent example is the Uzbekistan, particularly in the famous regions as Buhara, Samarqand, and Horezm. The tourists substantially contribute enormously to the preservation of the established traditional handcrafting, hammered copper work, wood carving, handmade carpets and silk, and of course to maintenance and preservation of  historical and architectural monuments. The past activities bestowed to tourism as the main founder and the root cause of the same show clearly that the industry has a immense potential of highlighting more impacts that are positive (Doan 2000, p. 267-288). For instance, since Uzbekistan proclaimed independence early in 1991, there were many monuments and museums, opened and renovated in promoting the national traditions and culture (Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). Growing interest in the respective culture makes the people locally tremendously proud of their life. However, on the other side, the industry is known more in some parts of the globe as increasing hostility, tension, and suspicion (Ray 1998, p.3-20). Richards and Hall (2000, p.89-97) claims that ideas of tourism being a vital force for peace are mere exaggerations. To him, indeed, there is little evidence, which tourism is ideally drawing the world together (Murray 2009, p.186-208). However, no surmountable evidence can be in provision to overrule the positives of tourism with such claims of tensions and hostilities. It is arguable that successful development of any form of resource can lead to heavy negative impacts. This is similar to many others cases for instance development of cities and slum dwellings around a region, which bring in varied effects to the particular region. Among them include, assimilation, conflict, overdevelopment, and artificial reconstruction (Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). This should, therefore be a point of argument to enhance controls, which can handle such situations. While presenting a culture in a particular region, tourists at times may preserve the culture in some way but also can dilute and destroy it (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). The point is promoting tourism in the region in a way that it would give both incomes as well as create respect for the local cultures and traditions (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). Additionally, it is crucial to look into ecology and the impacts tourism has in a way that it will help bring up a better, and considerable argument in favor or negation of the idea that, in balance, tourism’s contribution is positive (Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). There are both positive and  negative impacts of tourism particularly on the local ecology (Murray 2009, p.186-208). The tourist industry often grows well into mass-tourism. This leads to the over consumption, lack of resources and pollution (David and Ray 2010, p. 449-473). Nevertheless, from the ecological view, tourism is more often preferable and acceptable than any other production industrially, as it is friendlier to the environmental (Deardon and Harron 1994, p. 81-102). This point gives the industry a plus and supports the idea that in balance, tourism’s contribution is positive (Richards and Hall 2000, p.89-97). The problem is that normally, it is not easy to change the established traditional way of life precisely of the local communities this is because it creates pseudo conflicts. Without a doubt, in many countries or regions the alternative industries are more harmful environmentally than tourism besides that in several countries of the Pacific and Asia. For instance in Samoa, Cook Islands, and others, tourism is the key source of income and relatively the friendliest sector to the environment (Haywantee and Ramesh 2000, p. 356-407; Bramwell and Henry 1996, p.45). Conclusion Tourism is not ideally an industry precisely in the traditional sense; rather, it is an activity, which takes place well over a number of sectors (in specific accommodation, retail trade, cafes and restaurants, and transport). Because of this, measuring the impact of tourism economically, socially or any other impact whether positive or negative is complex. Evidence shows that the impact of tourism particularly on local communities can be both negative and positive, whether it comes to social, economic, or environmental effects. It generally depends to which extent that the tourism industry is developed particularly in each region. What determines the nativity or positivist of the industry is, each region bearing capacity. This means, the limit of the incoming influence, which does not harm the community. Thus, the argument on the positives and negatives of the tourism industry remains wide open. There is no clear cut on which side overrides the other, but on mere grounds, the positives are many than the negatives. It is arguable that though there are many negatives of tourism, the positives complement the same and are better and more grounded. It is  therefore arguable that, on balance, tourism’s contribution is positive. References Acott, T. and La Trobe, H 1998, an evaluation of deep Eco-tourism and shallow Eco-tourism, Journal of sustainable tourism, 6(3) 134-156 Bramwell, B and Henry, I 1996, Sustainable Tourism Management: Principles and Practice, Tilburg: University Press, p.45 Croall, J 1995, Preserve or destroy – tourism and the environment, Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation: London, p.67 David, G and Ray, S 2010, Climate change-induced economic impacts on tourism destinations: the case of Australia, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(3) p. 449-473 Deardon, P and Harron, S 1994, Alternative tourism and adaptive change, Annals of tourism research, 21: 81-102 Doan, M 2000, the effects of ecotourism in developing nations: an analysis of case studies, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8 (4): 267-288 Haywantee, R and Ramesh, D 2000, the Environmental Impacts of Tourism at the Casela Nature and Leisure Park, Mauritius, The International Journal of Environmental, Cultural, Economic and Social Sustainability 2(3) 356-407 Murray, C 2009, an integrated approach to assess the impacts of tourism on community development and sustainable livelihoods, Community Development Journal 44(2):186-208 Ray, C 1998, Culture, intellectual property and territorial rural development, Sociologia Ruralis, 38: 3-20 Richards, G and Hall, D 2000, Tourism and Sustainable Community Development, Routledg e: London, p.89-97

Drinking and Driving Essay Essay

I am not yet 16 and do not have my license so I do not drive. I am not 21 which means drinking is illegal. I have witnessed events that have happened because of drinking and driving. The penalty for drinking and driving should be more severe. Being intoxicated while behind the wheel is extremely dangerous for oneself and everyone else on the road. The deaths per year because of drinking and driving are one of the top causes of deaths in teenagers and young adult drivers. The number of casualties increases every year due to the young, irresponsible drivers of our society. Drinking clouds the brain and alters ones judgment. The first offence of drinking and driving now is being arrested but no jail time. In order to really enforce the law and make it harsher, the first offence should be include jail time. That would really wake someone up and think twice before driving after having a couple drinks. Receiving a DWI can be an automatic â€Å"good-bye† from a job position or dismissal from college. This can really ruin a person’s life. They no longer can provide for themselves or their families. Most likely one cannot find work with a DWI on their record. Families can break up and lives destroyed, just because of a very remedial decision. People drink because is relaxes them, or makes them feel better. While they are under that influence their correct judgment is whipped out and they choose to drive home or somewhere else with their life on the line or the possibility of killing an innocent person. There are many solutions to stop people fro getting behind the wheel while they are intoxicated. But it all starts with responsibility, like leaving a car behind and taking a can or having a designated driver. If society could wise up and understand drinking and driving is no joke and the law enforced a harsher punishment, then death rates would decrease.

McDonald's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

McDonald's - Essay Example McDonald’s is been considered as the world’s largest and the top fast food company.McDonald’s has created a history in the field of restaurant business.There are few factors which are very much important to help the brand to be evaluated as the greatest brand ever; McDonald’s. The outstanding services, high quality food, great maintenance of hygiene within the restaurants and obviously the remarkable customer services and great pricing strategy have made them the best. However, there are some positive point and some negative points about the McDonald’s this paper will evaluate the McDonald’s according to those facts. Evaluation of the pricing strategy: The pricing is very much important. McDonald’s has always adopted the penetration pricing strategy. And that is the reason it is the largest seller of the fast foods in the world. The combo happy meal price is only $ 3.59 to $ 4.5, which is very much competitive and the individual price for the baked patties burger would be only $ 1.09-2, the mash potatoes at $ 1.50-2 and the smoothies at $ 2.29-3. The interesting part is the combo gives a saving of $1.29 with respect to the individual items if they are bought all by any customer. This pricing strategy would definitely help the new product to penetrate the market easily. Price discrimination is a great factor for the McDonald’s. From the personal experiences it has been seen that there are many customers who are teenagers, McDonald’s must think about these loyal customers as they could be the future customers for the developed market. The disposable incomes of these young souls are not too high and that is the reason the individual pricing of the single products are required. Happy meal is for the families but not for the teenagers who prefer to have the Mac-Chicken Burger instead of the happy meal for the short budget. The evaluation of the brand identity: Previously McDonald’s brand identitie s were the red and white brick wall and the two golden arches but later it changed. Somehow the red and white theme remained the same but the two arches got the new look with more shiny arch which looks like a huge golden arch. And later the iconic Ronald came into action. Ronald can be treated as the brand’s mascot. The evaluation of the brand image of the McDonald’s does highly depend on the Ronald McDonald’s personality. For a personal experience is can be said that the Ronald is one of the most favorite superficial cartoon character among the kids and many new kids want to go to the McDonald’s to see Mr Ronald. The supportive promotions of the McDonald’s: The promotion is the energy of the McDonald’s which kept on giving them the fuel to run for the achievements. Most of the time, McDonald’s does in-store promotions. There are many cartoon characters that are there in the store to entertain the kids. The playing and eating facilit y give the extra attraction to the kids. Advertising was always an option for McDonald’s but eventually it was a big hit even before it appeared in the National Television advertisement. Most of the advertisements of McDonald’s have been concentrated on the personality called Ronald McDonald. However, in the recent time they had to change their advertising tactics in some of the countries where food is most important than that of the celebrated character. But still in each and every country Ronald is been a huge hit and brand recall factor. In most of the cases McDonald’s is very much selective in case of choosing the channel and the timing of the ad to be showed. Evaluation of the customer support: The customer support has been a great achievement for the McDonald’s. From the earlier time while it was concentrating it drive through restaurants it inculcated the art of serving customers in a short time with great quality. However, in a restaurant sometime it takes time to deliver and that is the reason the McDonald’s has put up many things inside the restaurant to get entertained with. The home

B2B Marketing - Situation analysis for Trafalgar fire Australia Essay

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Real Estate Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Real Estate Personal Statement - Essay Example This experience enriched me with a native fluency in the second language and unique experience in an international environment. In addition, I have greatly improved on my organizational skills due to continuous time pressure during my study abroad. I am conscious that a real estate agent, especially in touristic areas, has to be proficient in several languages and possess a power of persuasion. That is why French and Spanish are my additional languages of choice that I work on in parallel to my main studies and already achieved significant proficiency in both of them. Moreover, I try when possible to engage in volunteer activity or short part time work as a receptionist to polish my communication skills with as a large variety of people. In final years of my undergraduate study I focused more on the Real Estate related profession and in two years successfully acquired a Real Estate License from Chamber of Commerce of Perugia. As my final exams are approaching I would like to define my future career entry as precise as possible and make sure that any additional studies or internships are well aligned with my professional goals. I strongly believe that my motivation and enthusiasm combined with short, but intense professional experience will help me to tackle future challenges in professional as well as educational settings. I look forward in exploring new horizons and educational opportunities that could help to propel my future

Research on the effects of water pollution Paper

On the effects of water pollution - Research Paper Example by Calhoun and Seideman (2005, p 23), they described environmental pollution as â€Å"the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment, which normally results to an adverse negative change on the natural environment.† In these two studies, it was collectively noted that pollutants comprise of chemical substances, wastewater, garbage, and various forms of energy such as noise, light, and heat. Goel (2006) in his writings stated that certain pollutants normally cause an harmful effect if they are used in excess, for example, a small discharge of noise, light, or heat into the environment is not likely to cause an harmful effect or rather it is not likely to pollute the environment. This research study will focus on water pollution and in particular, it seeks to investigate the effects of water pollution from a broader perspective that comprises of the eco-system and even the living organisms. Because of the essential use of water in everyday life by all living organisms, Villers (2001) argued that water pollution tends to have the most detrimental effects amongst all other forms of pollution. Water pollution occurs when toxic substances either in liquid or solid form are discharged into water bodies and there is no effective treatment plan that has been put in place to remove the toxic substances. Because of it wide use by all living organisms, water pollution tend to have the most detrimental effect on the entire population, individual species and the natural biological community. This fact is supported by the argument that was given by Calhoun and Seideman (2005), who deemed water pollution as a major global problem that is the root cause of many diseases and deaths that in the society. In particular, a report released by the United Nations in the year 2011 under the title ‘Water Factsheet’ noted that water pollution accounts for over fourteen thousand deaths that occur on a daily basis across the World. This report further noted that water

Service learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Service learning - Assignment Example This implies that every member of the society is equally important and holds the potential to make positive contributions consequently leading to the overall societal development. Racism is a global problem that can affect anyone since it arguably depends on an individual’s location. For example being white in America and other Western countries is seemingly a free ticket from racism unlike other races such as Asians. However, this privilege is limited to regions where the highest percentage of inhabitants are white. For example, during a tour to Africa with my family we encountered an incident where we were overcharged simply due to the divisions and notions created by race. There was no considerable benefit to the oppressors apart from the extra cash of course. Nonetheless, racism is seemingly double sided since in some instances I get served first regardless there being people from a different race that had arrived earlier. Stereotyping is a common practice in the society and can either be positive or negative. For example, the stereotype that all politicians are selfish or that girls are not good at sports or that all Muslims are terrorists or all women like make-up. Going by this examples it is evident that stereotypes are specific to particular groups such as politicians, girls, Muslims, and women respectively. Additionally, stereotypes are seemingly true but the main contestation is the generalization that is not necessarily true. For example, a relatively high number of women like and frequently use make-up. However, there is also a relatively high number of women who do not wear make-up and in fact do not like it. The theory of voluntary oppression is deeply rooted in the provisions that for oppression to occur one must belong to a group that is facing oppression. This is despite the fact that the particular individual in play may not be directly affected. This implies that an individual is oppressed simply due to the fact that they

Over 30 workers Trapped After Chilean Copper Mine Collapse Research Paper

Over 30 workers Trapped After Chilean Copper Mine Collapse - Research Paper Example The rescue team had to drill another shaft to get into the miners. After, two months of drilling since the collapsed of the mine the rescue team managed to get into the trapped miners. Although, the conditions were unbearable the miners did all they could to remain alive while waiting to be rescued. Moreover, the government provided liquid food like milk to the mines to sustain the health condition of each person. The collapse of San Esteban mine was tragic and distressing mainly to the affected families. Thus, a communication design had to be in place to address the issue to the public and affected families. The government of Chile and San Esteban Mining Company had to filter the information that gets into the world about the disaster. Whelchel and Dauble indicate that the company has to deliver information in two main ways (2011). This is because of the existence of people with difference roles in the group and the having the audience in mind. Firstly, the information should be to the families and workers and secondly to the employees and press. As a result, delivering information with these audiences in mind will ensure most people receive the message as the company and the government intended. ... Therefore, Whelchel and Dauble indicate that the mining company has the responsibility to inform the families of the trapped workers about the happenings and proceedings taking place to rescue the trapped workers. The information will help address the potential need of the families of the mine. The potential need of the employees while receiving the information is to know the chances of survival of the trapped workers. More so to help trace the records of the workers trapped in the mine and stand in solidarity with the company leaders. This will help in the process of rescuing and identifying of the affected families. Before delivering the message about the collapsed San Esteban mine, the company should first know the number of workers trapped and have the list of the workers in the mine. The company would call an impromptu board meeting to explain to the internal management team about the disaster that has just happened and lay strategies of rescuing the trapped people. This will he lp in the clarity of the issues. Durham describes that before delivering information about the mine accident the company needs to know the ways of delivering information to the employees and the affected families (2011). This will help calm and reassure the families and employees and increase the peoples trust in the company rescuing process. Since, the collapse of the mine is a disaster that has affected the country, the government of Chile has to get the first hand information from the mining company before the information about the accident is officially released to other people, The focus of both the company and government will be on the action taken after the release information about the accident. The company could take

Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Essay Example for Free

Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Essay Jacqueline Lee Bouvier was the great great-granddaughter of â€Å"a potato-famine Irish immigrant† who worked as a superintendent of the public schools of New York City (TV. com, 2007). Her father was a handsome Wall Street banker by the name of John Bouvier III (â€Å"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis†). She spent the early years of her life between East Hampton and New York City. Attending some of the finest private schools, Jacqueline learned to ride as well as write stories and poems. As a matter of fact, she won an equestrian championship at the tender age of five (TV. com). She was an artist to boot, and she knew ballet. Jacqueline had a sister with whom she arrived later in Newport near Washington D. C. where her stepfather’s home was located (â€Å"Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy†). During the depression, her parents had lost their wealth and divorced (â€Å"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis†). In 1947, Jacqueline was named â€Å"the Debutante of the Year (â€Å"Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy†). Despite her â€Å"social success,† she desired to continue studying (â€Å"Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy†). As a student of Vassar, she had the opportunity to travel far and wide. She spent an entire year in France before her graduation (â€Å"Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy†). After all, in her youth Jacqueline had dreamt of taking up photography as a profession in France. She had also dreamt of living an absolutely bohemian life in Paris (Melloy, 2006). All of her dreams were not realized. Nevertheless, Jacqueline grew to love the people of France (â€Å"Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy†). She also got to work as an Inquiring Photographer for The Washington Times-Herald. This was her very first job. When Jacqueline won a writing contest that was sponsored by Vogue magazine, she was offered the chance to work with Vogue as well. But, she turned down her prize offer to work with the magazine (TV. com). Besides John F. Kennedy and the rich Greek-Argentine, Aristotle Onassis, whom she married a few years after the death of the President Kennedy, Jacqueline is known to have dated Frank Sinatra, Gianni Agnelli, Marlon Brando, Peter Lawford, Warren Beatty, William Holden, John Husted, Jr. , and Maurice Tempelsman (â€Å"Who is dating Jacqueline Onassis,† 2007). No wonder she was considered the most beautiful and glamorous lady in the United States (Melloy). Besides, she was a rather enchanting lady as far as her spoken language was concerned. Some of her interesting quotes include the following: (1) â€Å"I dont think there are any men who are faithful to their wives;† (2) â€Å"There are two kinds of women, those who want power in the world and those who want power in bed;† (3) The one thing I do not want to be called is First Lady. It sounds like a saddle horse;† (4) â€Å"I always wanted to be some kind of writer or newspaper reporter. But after college I did other things (TV. com). † The wedding dress that Jacqueline wore the day she married Kennedy is known to have taken two months to tailor and fifty â€Å"yards of ivory silk taffeta (TV. com). † Despite her love for Kennedy, the latter is known to have had a large number of flings with different women. He also gave to Jacqueline a â€Å"dose of Chlamydia,† which she believed was responsible for her miscarriage, followed by a premature delivery of a child who did not survive (Melloy). Melloy suggests that Jacqueline’s non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma toward the end of her life may also have been caused by Chlamydia. What is more, it was not just Kennedy who had betrayed her. Jacqueline experienced physical abuse during her marriage with Aristotle Onassis. Thus, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis was a glamorous and a tragic figure at the same time (Melloy). References Jackie Kennedy. Think Quest. Retrieved Nov 18, 2007, from http://library. thinkquest. org/TQ0312172/flkennedy. html. Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. The Biography Channel. Retrieved Nov 18, 2007, from http://www. thebiographychannel. co. uk/biography_story/130:2380/1/Jackie_Kennedy. htm Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy. The White House. Retrieved Nov 18, 2007, from http://www. whitehouse. gov/history/firstladies/jk35. html. Melloy, K. (2006, Apr 8). The Secret Memoirs of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. Retrieved Nov 18, 2007, from http://www. edgeboston. com/index. php? ci=ch=entertainmentsc=bookssc2=reviews

How are bodies socially constructed

How are bodies socially constructed It is crucial to gain an understanding of what social construction is, in order to assess its influence on human bodies. However it is difficult to operationalise social construction in literal terms. Social construction encompasses a multitude of elements, Hacking (2002) notes, social construction is a kettle of many very different kinds of fish. Typically however, social construction is concerned with the ways in which society has conceptualised ideals and expectations, looking at this in relation to specific areas of sociological interest. For sociologist when looking at the body their main concern is with the process of transforming a biological entity through social action Chris Shilling (2003). Members of a society construct their bodies in ways that comply with their gender status and accepted notions of masculinity and femininity. That is, they try to shape and use their bodies to conform to their cultures or racial ethnic groups expectations. (Lorber and Martin 2005) This essay will look at the ways in which the body is a social construction, with particular focus on the extent in which individuals in society are willing to perform to socially constructed ideals. It is important to recognise that social construction of the body is a global phenomenon; however this essay will look at westernised social construction of the body in particular. By looking primarily at the social construction of femininity, a subject which has typically been theorised extensively when looking at the body, an attempt will then be made to look at the social construction of masculinities and the aging body, in relation to the complex role that societys expectations have to play. The body is often seen as something which is straightforwardly biological, natural and given. (Macionis and Plummer, 2005). Unsurprisingly different types of bodies can be seen in terms of shapes, sizes and physical build; however there is an increasing notion of what aesthetically is socially acceptable, with women in the media industry in particular being promoted in a certain way. In affluent Western societies, slenderness is generally associated with happiness, success, youthfulness and social acceptability (Grogan, 1999). This notion could be said to have largely contributed to the fact that, increasingly, women are dissatisfied with their bodies. For Grogan (1999), media, as an industry, depicts the ideology that slenderness is preferred. This factor no doubt, has impacted the rise in eating disorders and womens willingness to have cosmetic surgery in modern times, in order to fit such ideals of slenderness which are conceptualised in magazines and television programmes. In wes tern culture dieting, breast enhancement and face-lifts are ways that women have changed their appearance to fit ideals of feminine beauty (Kivisto, 2005) Grimlin (2000) looks negatively at the role of cosmetic surgery, as a multi-million pound industry, with the notion that womens bodies are treated as commodities, Cosmetic surgery stands, for many theorists and social critics, as the ultimate symbol of invasion of the human body for the sake of physical beauty.'(Grimlin 2000). This view could be criticized, in the idea that many women who choose to have surgery, rather than to fit in with social constructions and therefore demands of society, do so in order to express their own personal individualism and identity, perhaps advocating their rights of freedom to adapt their own body if it pleases them to do so. Featherstone and Turner (2001) note Bodies have become the ultimate vehicle for writing ones identity.; this looks at anything from the clothes and makeup an individual wears, to self decoration through tattoos, piercings and cosmetic surgery. It is questionable to what extent women self decorate in order to fit the stereotypical views of social expectations of what is beautiful, or to oppose these views of conventional attractiveness, both however implicitly relate to the body as a social construction, either in a way that conforms to, or rebels against ideas of socially constructed beauty. Sexuality is closely linked with that of the female body, with socially constructed expectations of sexual femininity, Women are expected to be nuturant and emotionally giving, willing to subordinate their own desires to please men and their own interests to take care of children, Therefore womens bodies should be yielding and sexually appealing to men when they are young and plumpy maternal when they are older. (Kivisto 2005). This mass of generalizations, and assumptions, (that women are heterosexual, that all women want children, that women will forget about their own pleasures to please men), highlights the typical socially constructed views of western culture. It is therefore important to notice a change in womens sexual role through feminist ideas which reflect a modernized culture, with a new type of woman emerging in the 21st century. Through promoting sexual autonomy, feminists attempt to, advocate womens control of their sexuality and reproduction. (Macionis and Plummer 200 5), making their bodies less socially constructed to please male expectation. It is interesting to look at the social construction of the body in relation to the process of aging, as commonly, especially in traditional thesis, the bodily aging process has been referred to as a biological one, without consideration of its social relevance, Popular stereotypes about old people, usually centered around the inevitability of old age and its manifestation as physical decrepitude from which culture irrelevance could be inferred. Old age was therefore out-side the social because it was an essentially biological process. (Tulle-Winton 2000). With this in mind, Christopher A. Faircloth (2003) looks explicitly at the social construction of the aging process on peoples bodies. Reinserting that older bodily images are ones which are to be looked at with equal importance to younger women. Faircloth (2003), gives a detailed examination of the sexual attractiveness of older aged women (than that which is traditionally conceptualised in the media), concluding that there need to be seen as sexually attractive is still of extreme significance. Faircloth looks at the visual representations of older women through the realms of film and photography for example, with specific reference to a loss of sexuality in the representation of the older generation in society. Similarly Itzin (1986) states, Rarely are women portrayed as capable and independent, never as sexually attractive, (with the word women in this case, referring specifically to that of older women). Itzin notes that societies construction of what is sexually attractive is r arely looked at in relation to that of the older generation. When looking at the social constructions of femininity and the aging process, it can be seen that menopause is often reflected which considerable negativity, with the term being one which has connotations of a loss of sexuality and the idea that a noticeable change on the youthfulness of a womens body can be seen. These socially constructed misconceptions, suggest that the menopause directly affects a womens body, creating wrinkles and bodily sagging, which biologically is not the case (Winterich 2003). In a bid to maintain the socially constructed body which is considered attractive, characteristically one of youthfulness, merchandise, such as hair colouring products, anti-wrinkle creams and an increased number cosmetic surgeries can be seen to be endorsed by the older generation, (Craig Thompson 1995). Traditionally much theoretical focus on the social constructions of body, has been on that of femininity; however the social constructions of masculinity can be considered similarly, western societies expect men to be aggressive initiators of action and protectors of women and children, therefore their bodies should be muscular and physically strong, increasingly Men life weights, get hair transplants, and undergo cosmetic surgery to mould their bodies and faces to a masculine ideal (Kivisto 2005) This observation of men in the 21st century shows masculinity of the body to be concerned with that of aesthetic pride in a similar way to women, however there is less pressure on the male community to fit the mould of these constructed ideals. A modernised new man is also represented to fit the ideas of social construction, with the coinage of the phrase heterosexual male to highlight the increased notion of male grooming as acceptable in society. Inevitably this essay only looks at a small spectrum of the features that contribute to the body as a social construction, however a lot can be seen on how the body is effected by the views of society, a body which conclusively is not only biologically constructed but also socially.

Essay --

The myth of the Ring of Gyges has transcended hundred of years, thusly making it a ‘tale as old as time’. Modern adaptations of this myth include JRR Tolkien’s, â€Å"Lord of the Ring† series as an example. Through this legend and others, like the myth of metals, Plato is able to demonstrate what one ought to do if one is set owner of the infamous Ring of Gyges, ergo the argumentation of why one ought to act justly. If I had a magic ring such as the Ring of Gyges I would be inclined to act mischievously, but would wind up acting as though I did not have the ring. To fully understand my position, if I had a magic ring, can only be fully comprehended once the purpose of the ring, pertaining to morality is understood. I feel as though the Socrates of The Apology and of The Republic would answer in a consistent way. Namely, that regardless of possession of the ring or not, one should act justly. â€Å"Why act just†, is a theme through out the philosophical works of Plato, in The Republic, Plato aims to address the issue of how justice becomes a virtue in society. Please note that The Republic, in addition to The Apology are works of Plato, but the main character is Socrates, Plato’s teacher. Therefore, when referring to the two works, Plato and or Socrates can be named in reference. Furthermore, after addressing how one acts just, Plato is to ask why one ought to act just. He uses the myth of the Ring of Gyges to help explain this phenomenon of human behavior. Why having a discussion with his two brothers, Glaucon and Adeimantus, the myth of the Ring of Gyges is first brought up in conversation. Specifically found at the Stephanus pagination of 2.359a–2.360d, Glaucon, brother of Plato, first tells the legend in book II of The Republic. The ... ...sense of arà ªte, as described before. As a result, while seemingly tempting to act unjustly, if one is to live an examined life they will see that one will be the happiest and have the most eudemonia, or Greek word for happy and or balanced, if they act justly. This is regardless of whether or not set individual is wearing the Ring of Gyges. To reiterate, if I was in possession of the Ring of Gyges, while it would be tempted to act unjustly, I would ultimately act justly. By acting justly it promotes the idea of one’s soul (ration, spirit and desire) being in harmony. Set idea is illustrated by the metaphor of a city and the myth of the metals. This idea demonstrates the notion of â€Å" justice is not what one sees but one feels† as stated by Plato. After consideration of Socrates in both The Republic and The Apology I think he would ultimately answer in a similar way.

Essay on the Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Gray

The Gay as a Literary Figure in The Picture of Dorian Gray  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   This paper shall explore the gay as a literary figure based on Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray. The aim of the essay is threefold. Firstly, to show how the gay is related to two of the most potent archetypal images: those of Dionysos and Apollo. Secondly, to demonstrate that the Wildean gay is profoundly afraid of life, and that his interest in form and aesthetic proportion rests on a principle of "evasion." Thirdly, to contend that the humor in this novel, and by extension also in Wilde's plays, is a symptom of the author's fascination with an archetypal "gay." The Picture of Dorian Gray revolves around Dorian's dual nature. On the one hand, he is the young hero whose adventures the novel records; on the other, he is a painted image of "extraordinary personal beauty." When Lord Henry tells him that his exceptional looks will not last, the young man prays that he be allowed to remain as he is in Basil's portrait of him. Dorian wants to enjoy his youth for ever. His "mad wish" is a key to the archetypal factors which... ... intoxication and Apollonian form; of Dionysian involvement and Apollonian unapproachability. He is able to enjoy the Dionysian pleasures to which he wants to abandon himself, but at an Apollonian distance. Works Cited Wilde, Oscar. The Picture of Dorian Gray. Ed. Isobel Murray. London: Oxford University Press, 1974. Wilde, Oscar. The Letters of Oscar Wilde. Ed. R. Hart-Davis. London: Hart-Davis, 1962. Jung, C.G. The Collected Works. Ed. Sir Herbert Read etc. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1953-1976. Vol. 9.ii; par. 73. Also CW 11.283.   

The Effect of the Church in the World Essay -- Religion, Christians

There is significant debate about the effect of the church in the world. Did it really disrupt the existing social order? For many years Hans Conzelmann’s thesis that Christians are â€Å"docile subjects and trouble arises only when Jews rouse the populace with false accusations against the church† dominated scholarship. Later, Richard Cassidy (Political Issues in Luke-Acts) challenges this perspective by viewing Jesus as a â€Å"nonviolent social dissident who was †¦ a potential danger to the Roman empire† by paralleling Jesus’ effect on Rome with Gandhi’s effect on the British empire. Though Luke (in Acts) tends to depict Rome as â€Å"fair and respectful in their treatment of Christians, and the apostles are certainly not seeking to foment rebellion against the empire,† Hays also notes that the apostles and the Christian community do sometimes upset the cultural conventions which creates tension with the â€Å"established social order.† In fact â€Å"Luke’s vision for the transformative power of the church †¦ turns the world upside down not through armed revolution but through the formation of the church as a counterculture, an alternative witness-bearing community.† Schnackenburg believes that the church saw themselves as the â€Å"true ‘Israel of God’† and as â€Å"legitimate heirs of the old people of the covenant.† They preserved the Jewish way of life, while confessing Jesus as Messiah, held to the teaching of the apostles, kept the Eucharist and communal meals, and held worship services in private homes with common prayer. Though externally identifiable with Judaism, it was â€Å"a separate community in faith and worship† whose life was affected by these practices.† Though there were controversies within the community, these are presented as being reso... ...dom.† Hays sees Luke as portraying the early community fulfilling two ideals: the Greek conception of friendship, and the Hebrew (Deuteronomic) ideal of covenant community. Aristotle argued that true friendship was an â€Å"extension of regard for self† citing proverbs such as â€Å"Friends have one soul between them† and â€Å"Friends’ goods are common property.† Additionally (as mentioned above), Deuteronomy 15 outlines the blessings for God’s people who remain faithful to the covenant (Deut. 15:4-5, 7-8). Ultimately, Luke Johnson develops an idea that â€Å"possessions function as symbols of response to God† and so the Jerusalem community’s response â€Å"are sure signs of the presence of God’s Spirit in their midst† and that they shared goods demonstrated â€Å"God’s effectual grace.† Once again, the movement of the Spirit is credited for the dynamic life and growth of the community.

Australia’s Response to the Threat of Communism

Australia’s Response to the threat of Communism Australia’s Response to the threat of Communism Australia’s response to the threat of communism after WW2 was extraordinary. Australia and its politicians immediately recognised what could happen of a result of the domino theory. With the Soviet Union influencing so many countries and causing China, Vietnam, and North Korea to turn Communist it was only matter of time until it reached Australia, and all in all this was when Australia took action. At the end of WW2 in 1945 the world thought that peace was about, but that was when the lashings of communism rained upon the world.This was when Robert Menzies took advantage of Australia’s fear and hatred for communism and used to win himself many elections. Menzies who was the opposition leader in 1949 and made a speech in this year about his fight against communism that nearly 4000 people attended in Hurstville, NSW. It was quoted next day in a newspaper article with the headline, â€Å"WE WILL THRASH REDS†. â€Å"We are going to declare war on Communists; we are going to give them a thrashing. † Many speeches including lines just like these were what won the Menzies over to the majority of Australia.Australians wanted to stay a democracy they wanted someone who could lead them away from all this and respond against communism and that’s why they choose Menzies. This was one of the main reasons for Menzies becoming Australia’s longest serving Prime Minister. What also helped Menzies in his campaigning, as quoted in the newspaper article about Menzies, was that he was going to ban the Bank Nationalisation Act, which would nationalise all banks in Australia making them into the public ownership of the government.This was extremely important for Australia as if this act was allowed to keep going it would be one of the first steps to communism. Another Aspect that won over the people of Australia for Menzies and his n on-communist government was the Petrov Affair. The Petrov affair helped Menzies liberal vote’s sky- rocket. This was due to the fact that with Petrov wanting to defect and seek political asylum in Australia as he was a Soviet member, Menzies used it to win over the Australian people.As the people truly hated communism and did not want it to take over Australia, Menzies took great advantage of this. Menzies went on about how the Petrov Affair proved he had been right all along and with the suggestion of Soviet spies (this is what he did with Petrov, he told the public that he was a Soviet spy and that he should be investigated), and the danger of communism, he tried to ban the communist party. He even used this to embarrass the labour party as much as he suggested that they were soft on communism and had people in their government that were for communism.Even the idea of this is what put the Australian people over the edge and convinced many to vote for Menzies. Australia resp onded quite differently to Asian nations to communism within themselves, as they wanted to reject the idea, as proved with Menzies election wins. But Australia’s response to communism beyond Australian borders emphasises their idea on communism. Australia’s response within Australia was quite extensive but the response of Australia beyond its borders was even bigger.After WW2 the Soviet Union choose a different path to the United States, Britain and all of their allies. The Soviet Union under rule of Joseph Stalin became communist and had major influences among other countries in Asia. Soon after the Soviet Union became communist, Korea divided in 1945 with North being communist and South being non-communist. China followed thereafter in 1949 and in June 1951 North Korea decided it’s time for all of Korea to become communist. It was then that Australia had sent forces to fight alongside the United States in the Korean War.Australia ended up sending a squadron of the RAAF, two battalions of the Australian army, naval forces containing of an aircraft carrier and two destroyers. This was due to the ANZUS treaty signed by Australia, New Zealand and the United States in 1950. Australia took part in the ANZUS treaty because they were a really small country at the time and still is. They felt threatened by communism spreading through Asia and wanted to prevent it from reaching Australia. Australia could not do this on their own and therefore looked for support from a bigger nation.This was a problem because before the WWII Australia had always relied on Britain but that had changed after Japan’s annulation of Britain in Singapore during the war. Now Australia needed someone new and with the threat of communism they looked towards America. The ANZUS treaty provided Australia with a â€Å"protector† especially from communism as it states in article 4 of the ANZUS treaty, â€Å"Each Party recognizes that an armed attack in the Pacific Area on any of the Parties would be dangerous to its own peace and safety and declares that it would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional processes. This clearly states that if Australia or New Zealand, being in the Pacific were attacked the United States would come to their aid. This treaty was also at a great advantage to Australia as The US were not trying to overtake them as it also clearly states in article six of the ANZUS treaty, â€Å"This Treaty does not affect and shall not be interpreted as affecting in any way the rights and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations or the responsibility of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security. The Korean War went on for three years and throughout the struggle Australia kept on supporting the South Koreans and fighting alongside the United States. In 1953 an armistice was finally signed between North and South Korea and they were both divided again at the 38th parallel which is where they are still divided today. That was an example of Australia’s response to the threat of communism not within Australia but out in Asia. SECURITY TREATY BETWEEN AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA THE PARTIES TO THIS TREATY,REAFFIRMING their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all Governments, and desiring to strengthen the fabric of peace in the Pacific Area, NOTING that the United States already has arrangements pursuant to which its armed forces are stationed in the Philippines, and has armed forces and administrative responsibilities in the Ryukyus, and upon the coming into force of the Japanese Peace Treaty may also station armed forces in and about Japan to assist in the preservation of peace and security in the Japan Area, RECOGNIZING that Australia and New Zealand as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations have military obligations outside as well as within the Pacific Area, DESIRING to declare publicly and formally their sense of unity, so that no potential aggressor could be under the illusion that any of them stand alone in the Pacific Area, and DESIRING further to coordinate their efforts for collective defense for the preservation of peace and security pending the development of a more comprehensive system of regional security in the Pacific Area, THEREFORE DECLARE AND AGREE as follows: Article I The Parties undertake, as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations, to settle any international disputes in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations. Article IIIn order more effectively to achieve the objective of this Treaty the Parties separately and jointly by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid will maintain and develop their individual and collective capacity to resist armed attack. Article III The Parties will consult together whenever in the opinion of any of them the territorial integrity, political independence or security of any of the Parties is threatened in the Pacific. Article IV Each Party recognizes that an armed attack in the Pacific Area on any of the Parties would be dangerous to its own peace and safety and declares that it would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional processes. Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall be immediately reported to the Security Council of the United Nations.Such measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security. Article V For the purpose of Article IV, an armed attack on any of the Parties is deemed to include an armed attack on the metropolitan territory of any of the Parties, or on the island territories under its jurisdiction in the Pacific or on its armed forces, public vessels or aircraft in the Pacific. Article VI This Treaty does not affect and shall not be interpreted as affecting in any way the rights and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations or the responsibility of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security. Article VIIThe Parties hereby establish a Council, consisting of their Foreign Ministers or their Deputies, to consider matters concerning the implementation of this Treaty. The Council should be so organized as to be able to meet at any time. Article VIII Pending the development of a more comprehensive system of regional security in the Pacific Area and the development by the United Nations of more effective means to maintain international peace and security, the Council, established by Article VII, is a uthorized to maintain a consultative relationship with States, Regional Organizations, Associations of States or other authorities in the Pacific Area in a position to further the purposes of this Treaty and to contribute to the security of that Area. Article IXThis Treaty shall be ratified by the Parties in accordance with their respective constitutional processes. The instruments of ratification shall be deposited as soon as possible with the Government of Australia, which will notify each of the other signatories of such deposit. The Treaty shall enter into force as soon as the ratifications of the signatories have been deposited. [1] Article X This Treaty shall remain in force indefinitely. Any Party may cease to be a member of the Council established by Article VII one year after notice has been given to the Government of Australia, which will inform the Governments of the other Parties of the deposit of such notice. Article XIThis Treaty in the English language shall be deposi ted in the archives of the Government of Australia. Duly certified copies thereof will be transmitted by that Government to the Governments of each of the other signatories. IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty. DONE at the city of San Francisco this first day of September, 1951. FOR AUSTRALIA: [Signed:] PERCY C SPENDER FOR NEW ZEALAND: [Signed:] C A BERENDSEN FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: [Signed:] DEAN ACHESON JOHN FOSTER DULLES ALEXANDER WILEY JOHN J SPARKMAN [1] Instruments of ratification were deposited for Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America 29 April 1952, on which date the Treaty entered into force.

Credit crunch Essay

The credit crunch which is also known as a credit crisis, finance crunch or credit squeeze is best described as a condition that makes investment capital hard or difficult to obtain. It is the sudden reduction in the availability of credit and loans or the abrupt tightening of loan borrowing conditions by financial institutions. Therefore credit crunch is generally associated with reduced credit availability although it might be independent of interest rates increase. During this period investors and lenders seek investments that they consider to be less risky and make flight to quality. This is usually at the expense and disadvantage of medium and small sized business enterprises. The price of liability and debt products is therefore driven up by the wariness of the banks and investors to lend money to corporations. The credit crunch condition is usually considered as a product or an extension of recessions. What causes credit crunch  The sudden wariness of banks and other investors to lend to corporations may be the result of a variety of reasons. First and foremost the slow lending activity could be as a consequence of the central government imposing or forcing direct credit controls on banks and the banking system in general. It could also be the product of banks anticipation decline with regard to the collateral value used they used to secure their loans. Additionally it could be a result of an unexpected raise in reserve requirements or other monetary conditions by the central bank. Moreover perceived increase in risks concerning the solvency of lending institutions within the system of banking could also cause a slow down in lending activity. Credit crunches could also be the effect of sustained periods of careless lending that consequently leads to losses and huge bad debts for investors. The institutions are then forced to react by raising interest rates and decreasing credits that can be made available for lending purposes. Because of the losses that these institutions and investors had earlier incurred it becomes hard for them to lend further than the fixed levels even if they wished to do so. The crunch can also be generally as a result of a decline in the prices or value of assets that had been previously over inflated. The price collapse then substantially leads to a financial crisis. Consequently new entrepreneurs or investors in the market may be forced to foreclosure or bankruptcy as the values of the assets that had been previously inflated go down. In the event of credit crunch especially if the capital available will not be sufficient to survive the credit cycle businesses may prefer to go into liquidation, sell or mark to market. Credit crunch occurs in cycles. During its upward phase assets can experience leverage bidding and induced inflation in prices. Effects of credit crunch on the economy. Generally the crunch has acted to decrease economic growth by disabling major industries and key factors of production which are important to ensure a thriving economy. The credit crunch has not only affected the financial markets in the country but it has gone ahead to affect the ordinary customer and consumer who usually support and also benefit from a booming economy. The credit crunch in the United Kingdom has basically meant that customers are experiencing an increase in the rates and fees charged to them by banks and other financial institutions. For the customer more security is required in cases where the individuals want to take new loans or make overdrafts. For suppliers the situation remains the same with equipment loans getting even harder to acquire and overdrafts being called in or basically being reduced. The rates offered by the financial institutions have soared way past most suppliers’ capabilities and guarantees and debentures have become the order of the day (OL 2007, 2-4). The increased lending rates have resulted to restricted people spending and have also left individuals at a loss not knowing from which other sources to tap their finances. Additionally the economy’s supply capacity has been dramatically affected. The economy’s potential output has been reduced leading to a shortage of goods and services. This also means that the ability to produce innovative goods and services has also been deterred as this also depends on lending services provided by financial institutions that are incapable of lending out enough at the moment. Lack of profitability as a result of reduced innovation has thus become a norm leading to a further economic slowdown. The economy has been deeply affected also because investor confidence and trust in the financial markets has gone down. This means profitable business has ceased and that making losses has become the norm for the economy the implication being deficits in the government budget. More so as a consequence the public sector has gone into deficits (BBC News 2008, 3-5). This is a devastating situation for the economy after enjoying not less than fifteen years of economic growth. Big financial firms have been forced to closure or have had to be rescued with massive damage having been experienced on their banks balance sheets. Investment banks have recorded major losses in their financial books and further aggravated by the decline of structured credit values. Money markets short term lending has become way too expensive and the medium period unsecured lending and securitization which were among the key sources of funds for financial have dried up. Most companies have additionally been forced to direct their income towards debts servicing. The effects have been contracted earnings and increased unemployment rates as companies struggle to cut costs. So far the largest job cuts and unemployment rates have been recorded in the housing and financing sector. In fact towards the end of this year the rates are expected to shoot to five percent which is double the figure that was previously recorded during the end of 2007. The labor market has since been weakened as the result of the crunch as more people get out of working capacities. The housing market is among the worst hit and has continued to weaken as the crunch proceeds. The prices in this market have fallen to devastating levels leading to a further decline of employment rates and real income. Obviously the investments in this sector have gone to a record low. Mortgage rates have also increased, its lending decreased and thus pushing the house prices down. The housing sector is in fact expected to experience a 24 percent drop this year (Pritchard 2009, 3-6). What Is Being Done? Over the last months the economy of the country has declined by a figure not less than 0. 8% making it even harder for the government to map out the way to recovery (Channel 4 News 2009, 1-5). Despite the governments efforts to revive and redeem the people and economy from the disastrous effects of the credit crunch most citizens are not yet satisfied and they are in fact of the opinion that very little is being done to fix the situation. The general feeling is that politicians have been merely throwing words at each other and therefore failing to turn their words into significant action. The government despite these feeling from the public is trying all it can to undo the damage, for example the Prime minister has been caught encouraging people to strive to pay their debts instead of overspending on some household commodities like food. The government is therefore trying to encourage its citizens to ensure that they have enough funds in store to clear or pay their debts and loans. This is for the reason that the more people are able to clear the amounts of money they owe as loans the easier it will be for the credit crunch to fade away after some time. Additionally people are being encouraged to take loans that have rates that they will be able to afford. This is because if people keep up the habit of borrowing loans with high rates and therefore unaffordable to them, the worse the credit crunch situation is going to be. Taking up loans with higher interest rates only create greater debts for lenders because people eventually end up struggling to pay or not paying at all, the effect will then be a prolonged credit crunch (Gillepse 2009, 5-7) Additionally the government opted to increase guarantee on savings in order to discourage or stop mass withdrawals of financial institutions. The implication is that savers have their first not less than 35,000 pounds guaranteed in full unlike the previous years where only savings of not more than 2000 pounds would be guaranteed in full. The government in addition made various attempts to maintain interest rates and keep them on hold for a while due to the turmoil in the economy. They have also severally in the past year cut the rates with the aim of easing the situation, trying to bring it under control and to assist borrowers. The government has moreover tried to persuade its citizens to stay clear of overvalued assets which are all hostage within the credit cycle such quartet resources include for example those in the travel, chemicals and construction industries. The government has also tried to carry out systemic injections in an effort to help fix the crisis. It has furthermore tried to come up with various rescue packages for the financial sector to add to their numerous efforts to restore investor confidence. But until the investor trust in the markets is restored it seems there is little that the government can do as at now to ease the crisis. The government has as well sort the help of the globe to fix this situation for the reason the country is also highly dependent on banking flows that cross the county’s borders. Question marks and eye brows have been raised about the banking systems fiscal policy, regulation and general governance and their ability to guard the system form excessive risk taking. In conclusion recession is a condition that has devastating effects on the economy of any country. Especially in this decade the market forces operate in such a way that it has become very hard for economists to precisely predict any looming crisis to ensure that governments take preventive measures early enough. Market forces have served to increase the cost of living not only in the country but also globally. Wealth distribution has consequently become uneven with the margin between the rich and the poor becoming even wider. All the governments’ have left is to institute the right regulations and policies that will especially work to enhance the operations of our financial systems and then hope that when the markets recover from this crunch that will be the end of financial crises.

Women’s roles in the US

The varieties about women's roles were constructed In ways that have been altered or erased for social and political purposes. The roles of black women were undermined during slavery and Hawaiian women's roles were taken away after colonialism. Women's roles should be recognized because it makes a significant contribution to decentralization and resistance. The erasure of women's roles have been constructed In favor of white supremacists and colonists, thus, keeping knowledge about women's roles away from the public view.This week's readings reflect the counter-forces that fight against this trend. The two examples discussed In this paper will help demonstrate how the recognition of women's roles make significant contributions to decentralization and resistance. Black women's role during slavery was undermined In the Monomania Report. Angela Davis critiques the history of slavery aspect of the Monomania report because it fails to recognize the significance of black women's role in sl avery claiming that matriarchy comes from the legacy of slavery.Davis challenges this Idea by arguing that matriarchy did not come from slavery since matriarchy Implies power, which enslaved black women did not have. Davis indicates that although black women did not have power of the law/state, they created their own modes of power. She also indicates the reason why black women played a significant role during slavery is because they made resistance possible for others in the African American enslaved communities. Since women had the double burden of working in the fields and doing domestic work, they became the maintainers of the slave headquarters.This allowed women to recognize how much the master depended on them, giving women the consciousness of resistance. This is an example of how knowledge Is distorted In he Monomania report since It falls to address the truth about women's roles In slavery and falsely concludes that black families are unstable because they are matrilineal. Recognizing black women's roles during slavery is imperative to eradicate the myth that black families are unstable because they are matrilineal and how they made resistance possible for others.Another example of the recognition of women's roles is the inclusion of indigenous feminism. Lisa Keelhauled Hall indicates the importance of recognizing the erasure of indigently, specifically Hawaiian women in the united States as a result of colonialism. She critiques the conceptual erasure of U. S. Imperialism In the Pacific. The erasure of Hawaii in contemporary understandings of the united States, and the racial erasure of indigenous peoples.She argues indigenous feminism should counter these erasures â€Å"because colonization relies on forced forgetting and erasure, the need to bring the past forward Into our consciousness† Is Important for decentralization (Hall, 279). Although Hawaiian women's roles were unrecognized, Hall contends that Hawaiian women held significant power until the colonists stripped political power and voting rights from them. Additionally, Hawaiian women were aced with the imposition of Christianity, monogamy, and heterosexual marriage.Indigenous feminism Is Important to the process of decentralization for Hawaiian women and other indigenous women because it â€Å"grapples with the ways patriarchal 1 OFF analyzing the sexual and gendered nature of the process of colonization† (Hall, 278). Although women's roles were constructed in ways that were altered or erased, which favored white supremacists and colonists, Hall and Davis produced scholarly works that enabled people to recognize that women's roles made a significant contribution to the process of decentralization and resistance.

A brief for an awareness campaign

For my project, I have chosen to create an awareness campaign, about child abuse, which can come under the marketing and advertising part of the course. My campaign is going to be mainly focused on sexual abuse, as it is quite a sensitive topic and not many people choose to do it. I am aware that it is going to be challenging, and that I would have to use some very effective techniques in order to give out the right message. The main aim is to educate people and inform them about what is going on in the world, as well as marketing for the charity organisation. These are very covert marketing techniques, as it is quite subtle and focused on the organisation's activities rather than the organisation itself. The project is going to be consisted of 4 posters that could be used in either magazine pages or on billboards. They will all have the same layout as well as the same idea, to make it as simple as possible for readers yet effective. Enigma will play a big role in my posters, as they will all be linked, as if it is like a series of pages and they all complete each other. By looking at advertisements by organisations such as NSPCC, I have realised that the use of dull and dark colours are very common, same as the close up shots. However, my use of innovative ideas will make the campaign more appealing, and the enigmatic factors will attract many readers. I will use the idea of including a child's picture in the poster, however unlike the others I will use as much bright colours as I possibly can, that will then be contrasted with the background. The main background is going to be an old diary opened, in quite gloomy and dark colours. The wordings â€Å"dear diary†¦ † are going to be used on the first three posters. The diary connotes that it is real life events, and just like how the book is opened, a person is opening their life for us to look at and go into it. Diaries are usually symbols of truth, as they are very secretive and owned by one person, so the fact that it is the main background connotes that the organisation is very honest about its activities, and that it is simply showing the viewers nothing but the reality. In the middle, there is going to be a very simple, yet colourful picture of a child, each one showing the situation developing, and then followed by short sentences beneath it, symbolising the child writing in their diaries. It shows a sequence of events as it starts by a picture of a girl happily sleeping in her bed, with the word â€Å"My first night in my new bed. he said I was a princess†. The enigma in the text makes the audience wonder who the â€Å"he† is and what the advert is about. The second poster shows a little boy at the park smiling and enjoying his time, however this time there is a hand holding onto his hands. It is then followed by the words â€Å"went to the park today, he played with me on the swings†. There we can immediately feel the enigmatic meaning of the next, where the audience feel the worry and almost know what it really wants to show, especially with the pun on the word â€Å"playing with me†. Even though it builds up tension, the readers would still want to get to the end and know what it is about. The third one is a picture of a little girl with two man hands on her shoulder, and again with the words â€Å"He said no one would understand†¦ he is my only best friend†. Now, it gets clearer to the readers, as the point would have been successfully showed. The last picture consists of the organisations name, followed by some facts, a helpline and then the slogan which is â€Å"This smile†¦ this child†¦ ead between the lines†. The slogan refers back to the smiles of the children in the pictures, and the appearance of a diary supports the idea of reading between the lines, in order to find the truth. The logo of the organisation is going to be placed on every single poster, adding to the confusion and enigmatic effect, but also helping the readers to understand. The advert is very disturbing to readers, as they are seeing innocent childhoods being taken away without realising, and how brainwashed the children get. The contrast in colours shows the active and bright life of children however surrounded by the gloomy colours connoting the dangers around them. The idea is targeted to a more educated, and clever audience, as it is based on challenging the readers to get to the point instead of giving it to them. This means that the advert is targeted at ABC1 audience from both genders, however since it is common for children to get abused in the lower class if society, then the advert is very important to appeal to them too. So overall it appeals to both ABC1 and C2DE audiences, with a very wide range, starting from young children to old grandparents both reporting the same problem. The billboards are going to be created using the same pictures, however with all of them stitched together, making it seem like a storyboard. It could be placed anywhere, however it would be best put at a place such as a shopping centre where viewers can stand and read all of the writing. Stickers are also going to be created with the logo of the campaign and distributed around. I am working in a pair with Kirstie Browne, and we have both decided to equally divide the work, and use a program called â€Å"Easy media creator 10 Suite† to help us create our posters, and make them seem professional. We will start by taking the pictures we need on digital cameras then use them for our final piece. The organisation that we will most probably choose is going to be â€Å"NSPCC† as it is mainly focused of the sexually abused children.

Critique the article provided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Critique the article provided - Essay Example The study findings detailed that heart failure readmissions rates and quality of life did not considerably vary between control groups and treatment. The study also revealed that, health beliefs, apart from benefits of medication, considerably shifted from baseline within the treatment group in directions hypothesized by the Health Belief Model. In the article, Sethares and Elliott (2004) conclude that a tailored message intervention altered the beliefs of the individuals with heart failure in terms of the gains and barriers of taking medications, self-monitoring for indications of fluid overload, and committing to a sodium-restricted diet. Sethares and Elliott (2004) maintains that future research may be required to further examine the influence of health belief changes on real self-care behaviors, especially on the impact of tailored interventions on real changes within self-care behaviors and the dose of intervention required to influence the changes. The title of the article is concise in implying the key variables of the study and the study population. The title of the article highlights the focus of the article and variables that will be utilized in the study. The abstract of the article concisely summarizes the key features of the study including objective, design, subjects, theoretical framework, results, and conclusions. The statement of the problem is clear-cut and easy to identify; furthermore, the problem statement forms the foundations of a coherent persuasive argument on the efficacy of a tailored message intervention provided during hospital admission. Evidently, the problem presented in the study has a significant bearing on nursing. There is a good alignment between the research problem and the quantitative methods and paradigms utilized in the study. The randomized control trial was utilized to appraise the impact of a tailored message intervention on heart failure readmission rates and quality of

Performance Analysis of M&A in UK banking sector (2nd STAGE) Essay

Performance Analysis of M&A in UK banking sector (2nd STAGE) - Essay Example As a matter of fact, the studies with regards to mergers and acquisition activities in the UK banking sector offers assorted conclusions. Altunabas and Ibanez describe about the bank mergers between the years 1992 and 2001 to lead on average in order to improvise the accounting profitability (Altunaz and Ibanez, 2004). Many empirical evidences have been provided which are evocative of the restrained opportunities for cost savings from bulk mergers in the banking commerce. Moreover, a little improvisation in the profit efficiency is also reported, but not in terms of cost efficaciousness with position to cross-border deals only. According to Cooke, most of the research analyses on mergers and acquisitions have been focused on the organizations which have been undergo a merger and many studies have seen a common condition marking the post-merger period (Cooke, 1986). Therefore, this paper targets the investigation of the influences of the M & A operations on accounting profitability me asures with reference to the UK banking sector over the period 2003-2007 by with the help of examining several performance gauges, thereby, distinguishing the part of transformation in presentation due to the M & A itself. According to Heffernan, banking can be construed to a wide range of financial institutions and organizations to the large money-centralized commercial banks and this paper describes about it in detail (Heffernan, 2005). The UK banking sector witnesses itself to be the third largest in the world after the United States and Japan, and is also a major international hub for investment and private banking (DeltaQuest, 2009). The banking sector of UK has an authoritative international recognition which is